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According to many gardeners, the vine can only be grown in the southern regions of Russia. In fact, this is not at all the case. There are many precocious and frost-resistant varietiesthat bear fruit even in harsher conditions.
The grape variety Riddle Sharova is able to grow in any climate, and give a good result, subject to the rules of agricultural technology. Description, characteristic features of the variety, as well as photos sent by gardeners will be presented in the article. It is possible that this grape will have new fans.
Variety history
The enthusiast-amateur RF Sharov told the world about grapes. Year of birth of the variety is 1972, place of birth - the city of Biysk in the Altai Territory. Thanks to Sharov's experimental work, grape varieties were obtained that were able to survive and bear fruit in the harsh Siberian conditions. The "parents" of the grapes are the Far Eastern hybrid, as well as the Magarach 352 and Tukai varieties.
Description
A detailed description of the grape variety Sharov's Riddle and photos are necessary for gardeners to understand whether it is worthwhile to engage in culture.
Features of the bushes
The grape variety is an intensively developing plant, characterized by long, but not thick, flexible shoots. The vine ripens early. The nodes are at close range, where large eyes are visible.
The grape leaves are shaped like dissected five-lobed hearts. There is no pubescence on bright green plates.
Flowers of the Riddle Sharova variety are bisexual, so you don't have to worry about planting pollinators. As a rule, 2-3 inflorescences are formed on each shoot.
Bunches and berries
The bunches of grapes Sharov's Riddle are not too large, within 300-600 grams, depending on the climatic conditions of the region. The shape of the brush is winged.
The bunches of the variety are loose, consist of rounded berries, reaching 2-3 grams in biological ripeness. During the filling period, the berries are green, when ripe they change color. Ripe bunches of grapes turn dark blue to almost black. Each berry is covered with a waxy coating, as in the photo.
The skin is thin but firm. Under it there is a tender juicy pulp with 2-3 small bones. The grapes taste sweet, with an interesting aroma of wild strawberries or raspberries. This feature of the variety is confirmed by gardeners and consumers in reviews. The fruits contain up to 22% sugar.
Advantages of the variety
To understand the characteristics of the variety, in addition to the description, photos and reviews of gardeners who are seriously involved in culture, you need to know the pros and cons of grapes.
Benefits
The variety is early maturing, brushes ripen in 100 days from the moment of bud swelling. In the greenhouse, the crop is harvested 20-30 days earlier.
- Sharov's Riddle grapes are high-yielding: a bush at the age of 5-6 years gives up to 10 kg of juicy and tasty fruits.
- Even from overripe bunches, the berries do not crumble, they become even tastier and sweeter if they dry up a little.
- After harvesting, the grape bunches can be stored for up to three months, while neither the presentation, nor the beneficial properties are lost.
- Dense, firmly held in the bunch of berries, contribute to high transportability. When transported over a long distance, they do not wrinkle, do not flow.
- Grape variety Sharov's Riddle of universal purpose. Berries are tasty fresh, in compotes and jam. Many gardeners in their reviews note that they prepare homemade wine.
- The grape variety has high frost resistance.It tolerates temperatures of -32-34 degrees painlessly, even without shelter in snowy regions. If there is little rainfall in winter, you have to cover the plantings. Thanks to the frost-resistant root system, even when the soil freezes, the grapes survive in winter.
- The vine of the variety created by R.F.Sharov is an excellent option for the stock. The grapes themselves can be grown without grafting from rooted cuttings.
- Fruiting of the variety begins in the second year after planting the grapes.
- It is convenient to remove the vine from the support for the winter, as it is flexible and thin.
- Even in infertile areas, the variety gives a good harvest.
Special disadvantages of grapes Sharov's riddle for many decades of cultivation by gardeners has not been identified, except for a weak immunity to fungal diseases.
Features of agricultural technology
When planting a vine of the variety, it is necessary to choose an illuminated area, protected from the cold wind. The south-facing part of the garden is best suited.
Landing features
Root system of grapes Sharov's riddle penetrates to a great depth, so the soil does not really matter. The variety grows calmly even on rocky ground.
The grape variety Sharov's Riddle is planted after establishing positive temperatures of at least +12 degrees. Planting dates vary depending on the climatic characteristics of the region: from mid-April to May.
The planted seedlings during spring planting should not have swollen buds. AND in the fall you need to have time to plant the vine before frost. If these conditions are not observed, the grape seedlings will not take root.
The choice of direction is important when creating a vineyard. Most often, plants are planted in rows. Experienced gardeners recommend breaking ridges from north to south. Such a planting will allow the soil to warm up evenly.
Before planting grapes, a pit is prepared, at the bottom of which a drain is placed, the rest of the volume is filled with a nutrient mixture. Two buckets of water are poured onto one plant and wait until it is completely absorbed.
A mound is made in the center and the vine is “planted” as if it were on a chair. Sprinkle with soil on top and slap it well to squeeze air out from under the roots. Then you need to water again.
How to care
Leaving after planting grapes Sharov's riddle is traditional:
- regular watering and loosening of the soil;
- deletion weeds;
- feeding the vine;
- treatment for diseases and pests:
- timely pruning and formation of a bush.
Top dressing
Organic fertilizer is mainly used to feed the grapes of the Riddle of Sharova variety. Plants respond well to manure or compost.
Dry organics are laid under grape bushes in spring or autumn. It turns out a kind of mulching, plus plant nutrition. It is useful to add wood ash under the grape bushes of the Riddle of Sharov variety and water the vine with an infusion of mullein and green grass.
Pruning
In the first year in the fall, all the shoots are cut out in the bush, leaving only one, the strongest and ripe one. You can determine the readiness of the vine for wintering by its color. Look at the photo below: the ripe vine should be brown. If it is green, then it has not matured. It just needs to be removed.
Pruned grapes 5-6 eyes for autumn work. When the vine leaves wintering, you need to cut off the shoots again, leaving only 2-4 of the strongest ones. By pruning, you can form a bush and regulate the load on the seedlings.
On adult bushes, the yield is also rationed. As a rule, on one vine, if the summer is short, you need to leave no more than 3 brushes.
The gardener's opinion about grapes Sharov's riddle:
Breeding features
The grape variety from R.F.Sharov can be propagated using:
- cuttings;
- vines;
- shoots.
Using any of these options, it is better to first grow a seedling, planting in a permanent place, preferably an annual plant.
Pests
Sharov's grapes, as gardeners write in reviews, is practically not affected by wasps. But ticks and cicadas cause a lot of problems. As a preventive measure, before flowering, the planting varieties are sprayed with Karbofos or Bi-58.
A lot of trouble is caused by the grape aphid - phylloxera. This is a dangerous pest, if you get rid of which you can lose the vine. But if more sand is added to the soil, then this pest will disappear forever. Although in the future it will be necessary to additionally feed the grapes.
Diseases
Despite the huge number of advantages, the Riddle of Sharova variety still has disadvantages. The fact is that he has a weak immunity to fungal diseases:
- powdery mildew (mildew);
- oidium.
To prevent plantings from getting sick with downy mildew, careful care is required: removal of all weeds, timely harvesting of cut shoots and fallen leaves. In addition, compost heaps are never arranged next to the variety.
That is why timely preventive measures are important: soil treatment and planting with fungicides. Experienced gardeners advise treating grapes in spring and autumn with copper-containing preparations, for example, Bordeaux liquid, Champion, Cuproxat and other means.
